04 · CLAIMS PROCEDURE

What to do when a loss occurs

With a cargo loss, what you do in the first 24 hours can decide whether the claim is paid. Delay in notifying the carrier, ordering a survey or preserving evidence can lead to a declined claim. Here is the 5-step claim process, the documents you need, and N2N's hands-on support.

⚠️ The first 24 hours — 5 things you must do

1

Notify the carrier at once (Claim Notice)

Give immediate written notice to the carrier / bailee responsible for the loss. For air carriage the legal deadline is 14 days. Missing it can release the carrier under the terms on the back of the transport document (B/L / AWB).

2

Notify the insurer or N2N

cargoinsu shippers should notify us at once on +82-10-5755-6465 or sales@cargoinsu.com. Our ACIU underwriter will guide you through the adjustment process.

3

Preserve the scene and the damaged goods

Do not repair or dispose of anything. Keep the container seal, packaging and damaged cargo as they are. Disposal makes the loss impossible to prove → risk of a declined claim.

4

Photograph / video immediately

Take photos from several angles — the whole cargo, the damaged part, damaged packaging, the stow inside the container (before opening) and the seal. Timestamps recommended.

5

Do not sign a clean receipt

If the condition is unclear, take delivery marked "subject to inspection". Signing a clean receipt can bar a later claim.

The 5-step claim process

STEP 1

Notify the loss · carrier claim

The shipper sends a written Claim Notice to the carrier and notifies the insurer / N2N. Complete within 24 hours.

  • Sea: written notice to the carrier within 3 days of delivery
  • Air: within 14 days of discovering the damage
  • Preserve evidence and photograph in parallel
STEP 2

Survey

If the estimated loss is KRW 2 million or more, an authorised adjuster attends the scene. Smaller losses may be assessed on documents.

  • Surveyor's site visit and Survey Report
  • Assessment of cause, nature and estimated loss
  • Decision on repairability and salvage value
STEP 3

Submit the documents

The Assured submits the policy, B/L, invoice and packing list plus the loss documents. N2N checks for anything missing.

  • Base documents + loss photos + copy of the carrier claim
  • Repair estimate or disposal certificate
  • Supporting figures for the estimated loss
STEP 4

Cover review · loss adjustment

The insurer decides whether the loss is covered and assesses the amount. If an exclusion applies, the reason is explained.

  • Review of clauses and exclusions
  • Decision on disposal of salvage
  • Assessment of third-party recovery prospects
STEP 5

Payment · subrogation

The Assured assigns its third-party recovery rights to the insurer (Letter of Subrogation) and receives payment. The insurer then pursues recovery.

  • Letter of Subrogation signed and sealed
  • Claim paid (KRW or foreign currency)
  • Insurer pursues the carrier / stevedore for recovery

Export vs import claim flow

Export-cargo loss

  1. Shipper notifies the carrier + insurer
  2. Adjustment carried out overseas (insurer's local entity)
  3. Local survey report sent to the Korean insurer
  4. Korean insurer reviews cover + assesses the loss
  5. Payment + subrogation

For exports the loss occurs abroad, so the local survey → transmission to Korea can take longer. An insurer with a global network helps.

Import-cargo loss

  1. Shipper notifies the carrier + Korean insurer
  2. Korean adjuster attends the scene
  3. Korean insurer reviews the survey report
  4. Cover review + loss adjustment
  5. Payment + subrogation

Imports are adjusted and settled within Korea, so processing is faster. All six cargoinsu insurers run their own adjustment in Korea.

Document checklist

📦 Import-cargo loss — required documents

  • Base documents — policy, B/L, Commercial Invoice, Packing List
  • Loss statement — type of damage (wet damage / breakage / missing, etc.), date/time and place of discovery
  • Import declaration
  • Handling / bonded-warehouse intake agreement (air: Cargo Inspection Report)
  • Loss photos — whole cargo, damaged part, packaging, stow inside the container
  • Supporting figures for the loss — repair estimate / disposal certificate / proof of discounted sale
  • Copy of the carrier claim — proof the Claim Notice was sent

🚢 Export-cargo loss — required documents

  • Base documents — policy, B/L, Commercial Invoice, Packing List
  • Loss statement — type of damage, date/time of discovery
  • Handling / bonded-warehouse intake agreement
  • Loss photos — the damaged part from several angles
  • Supporting figures for the loss
  • Buyer contact — company, contact name and details (for local investigation)

💰 Small losses (under KRW 2 million) — simplified documents

  • Base documents — policy, B/L, Commercial Invoice, Packing List
  • Loss report / statement / agreement — e.g. the bonded-warehouse delivery agreement
  • Claim letter — on company letterhead
  • Copy of business registration · copy of bank passbook
  • Estimated loss — receipt or estimate

Small losses under KRW 2 million are often paid quickly on documents, without a survey.

Estimating the loss

① Repairable

Repairer's estimate / receipt / invoice. Includes parts + labour + transport.

② Total loss / beyond repair

Disposal certificate from a waste contractor. Proves nil salvage.

③ Sold at a reduced price

Proof of the original list price + proof of the reduced price (sale receipt). The difference is the loss.

Claim deadlines and limitation

⏰ Limitation on insurance claims — 3 years

The right to claim under the policy runs for 3 years from the date of loss (Insurance Business Act, art. 662). In practice, prompt claiming is essential — evidence is hard to preserve as time passes.

Separately, the limitation period for claims against the sea carrier is 1 year. The insurer must pursue recovery against the carrier within that year, so the shipper should cooperate with the insurer's recovery action after being paid.

How N2N handles claims differently

For cargoinsu shippers, our ACIU underwriter stays with you through the whole adjustment. We deal directly with the insurer's adjuster, so you only prepare the documents.

① With you in the first 24 hours

The moment you notify a loss, N2N is alongside you for carrier notice, evidence preservation and ordering the survey. You only prepare photos and documents.

② At the adjustment

N2N attends the surveyor's site visit, reviews the report and negotiates an interpretation in your favour.

③ Clauses & exclusions

If the insurer asserts an exclusion, we challenge the clause interpretation with ACIU expertise, with the leverage of comparing six insurers.

④ Tracking payment

If payment is delayed, N2N presses the insurer directly. You stay focused on your business.

🚨 Contact us immediately when a loss occurs

For cargoinsu shippers, saving time is the key to recovery.

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